Hbnei piepee



(No Model.)

' H. PIEPER, FILS.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

VUNITED STATES HENRI PIEPER, FILS,

PATENT OFFICE.

OF LIEGE, BELGIUM.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 319,745, dated June 9,1885.

Application tiled May 8, 1885. (No model.) Patented in Belgium December1, 1884, No. 67,060.

.To all whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, HENRI PIEPER, Fils, a subject of the King of Belgium,and residing at Liege, in the Kingdom of Belgium, have invented a newElectric-Arc Lamp, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in BelgiumDecember 1, 1884, VNo. 67,060,) of which the Vfollowing is aspecification.

My invention relates to electric-arc lamps; and 1t consists in acarbon-feeding device ysubstantially comprising two resilient frictriccircuit.

able lengthwise.

tional pawls, actuated through the agency of the electric current, oneof the said pawls operating to feed the movable carbon in themeasurerequired toward the stationary one, the other pawl serving to check andretain the movable carbon during the retrograde motion of thefeeding-pawl, the carbon being thus continuously kept under control bythe pawls and prevented, in case it is arranged vertically, from beingacted upon by gravity independently of the pawls.

On the annexed sheet of drawings, Figure l is, a sectional elevation ofthe top part of an electric lamp to which my improved feed motion isapplied. Fig. 2 shows the whole lamp in a section taken at a right angleto Fig. l, a portion of the same being broken away. Fig. 3 is asectional plan on line l 2, Fig. l. Figs. 4 and 5 show two differentmodes of connecting the feeding device with the elec- Fig. 6 representsin principle the mechanical part of the device in different positionsfor the purpose of illustrating its operation.

I shall first proceed to describe the nature of the invention withreference to Fig. 6. In this figure, a represents the upper carbon of anelectric lamp of vertical arrangement, the said carbon being suitablyguided and movc is a lever pivoted at g. f and f are resilient arms xedto the lever c, and which press with their ends, provided, respectively,with the friction-blocks d and e, against the carbon. The parts c, f,f', d, and

' e are shown by full lines in their normal position. The said arms areattached to the lever e in such a manner that when the lever is lturnedon its center in the direction of the arrow y the arm f will push theblock d downward, while the arm f relieves the block e of pressure, andmay eventually lift it off the carbon without materially moving it up ordown. These effects may be attained by fixing the arm f to the lever ata point, g', being at a certain distance from the center g, and bymaking the arm f radial to the said center, as shown in the iignre. Thestrength of the armshas to be suitably regulated, and for lamps withvertical carbons it must be so determined that the friction between thesaid blocks, or either of them, and the carbon is suicient to preventthe latter from descending by gravity. Vhen under these conditions thelever c is depressed into the position shown by dotted lines, thepressure of the arm f and the block e on the carbon is reduced or takenoff the same, whereas the arm f, in bending, slightly increases thepressure of the block d against the carbon, and simultaneously movesdownward, together with the block d, so that on account of the frictionbetween cl and a it will push downward the carbon, which is at the timeunimpeded by the block e. The lever c being then returned to its normalposition, the arm f presses the block @with increasing force against thecarbon, while the arm f, in receding, draws'the block d with it inupward direction. During this part of its motion the block d, however,slides along the carbon without moving it, because the carbon is keptstationary by the block c. The arm f thus constitutes a frictionalfeed-pawl and the arm f a frictional retaining-pawl. The describeddevice will operate in like manner in whichsoever position the carbonsmay be placed, whether horizontally, inclined, or even inverted.

For the purpose of actuating the mechanism it is combined with anelectro-magnet connected with the circuit of the lamp. The coil ofthesaid electro-magnet may either be placed in a shunt-circuit branchingoff from the main circuit, as shown by Fig. 4, or in the main circuititself, as represented by Fig. 5. Thus in Fig. 4, in whicht is the endof the main conductor connected to the upper carbon,and u the endconnected to the lower one, the shunt-current passes from a point of theconductor t to the tongue k, attached to but insulated from the leverc,- thence (provided the lever c be in raised or normal position) to thecontact-knob Z, and from there through the windings of the coil fi tothe conductor u. The lever e either forms or carries at its end thearmature of the core h of the electro-magnet. The lever c is maintainedin its normal position by the arms f and f; but a spring, p, providedwith means for adjusting its tension, may be employed to draw down thelever against the force of the arm f, and another spring, acting inupward direction on the lever, may be added thereto, if consideredadvantageous. 'Iheparts being thus arranged,and the carbons at theproper distance from each other for the generation of the luminous arc,the current through the shunt-circuit will be too feeble to cause thefeed apparatus to act; but when the distance between the carbons becomestoo great the increase of resistance in the main circuit willcausetheshuntcurrent to become stronger, so that the electro-magnet willthen attract the lever c. The contact between 7c and Z being, however,broken by this motion of the lever, a series of vibrations of the latterwill result in like manner as in electric alarms, the said Vibrationsbeing transmitted to the arms f and f and the blocks eZ and e, asdescribed with reference to Fig. 6. After the upper carbon has beenadvanced sufficiently, the resistance in the arc thereby diminished,

and consequently the strength of the shunt-A current reduced, thefeeding device will stop again.

In the arrangement Fig. 5, it is the main current which passes throughthe coill t', a shuntconduit being, however, branched off from the wireconnecting the carbon Z) with the coil c', and leading along the tongue7c and through the contact-piece Z back to the main circuit. In thiscase the lever c will perma-` nently be held down by the magnetized coreh so long as the portion of the main current passing through thecoilt'is strong enough; but when the main current becomes weaker, on accountof the increase of resistance in the arc, the lever c will be detachedfrom the core h by the force of the arm f, together with that of anyspring introduced for the purpose. The contact between k and Z beingthereby broken, the portion of the current which had so long passedthrough the shunt-connection will then be united with the portioncontinuously circulating in the coil z', so as to increase the power ofthe electro-magnet h, which will thereupon again attract the lever. Inthis manner, also, vibrations of the lever and itsv attachments areproduced, which advance the' carbon.

In Figs. 1,2, and 3 the described feed apparatus is shown in combinationwith a lamp, an electro-magnet with two coils, ,placed in ashunt-circuit beingin this case employed.

The parts already described are indicated in these figures by the sameletters as in Figs.l 4, 5, and 6. rlhe upper carbon, a, is in-` sertedinto a holder, c, sliding in a sleeve, a2. 0 is a spring attached to butinsulated from the sleeve c2, and having a knob which presses through ahole in the sleeve a2 against the holder a', so as to be in permanentcontact therewith. The blocks d and e also press against the holder a',and not against the carbon itself, as in Figs. 4 and 5. The lower carbonis placed in a holder, b', fixed to the movable core q of a solenoid, r,and having a' screw-threaded part, b2, working in the boss b3 of theframe of the lamp. The core is car ried by and free to turn on a center,g', arranged at the end of the movable pin s, which is supported by aspring acting against a collar thereof. By means of this arrangement thelower carbon, being in contact with the upper one,is drawn down andslightly rotated when a current is sent through the lamp to light thesame, the rotation of the carbon being of advantage in developing theluminous arc. This portion of the lamp, however, does not form a part ofmy present patent application. The electric main current passes from thewire t and the bindingscrew m, through plate o, sleeve c2, and holderc', to the upper carbon, a, thence through the lower carbon, b, holderb', core q, pin s, sleeve s', connecting-wire s2, coil r, wire 1", andbinding-screw a, to the wire u. The shunt-current, which is branched offfrom the main current by means of the contact-spring o, passes fromthere through wire o', the coils t', wire c, tongue 7c, adjustable screwZ, wire Z', and binding-screw a, back to the main circuit. The action ofthese currents on the feed mechanism is precisely the same as that setforth with reference to Fig. 4.

By means of the described feed apparatus a very steady light is obtainedeven with lamps of small power.

I claim as my inventionl. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination, withthe movable carbon, of two resili ent frictional pawls, to which analternating motion is imparted by the intermittent action of anelectro-magnet connected with the cir- IOO IIO

cuit of the lamp, one of the said pawls operating by longitudinal motionto feed the movable carbon forward, the other one acting by transverseoscillations to alternately release and hold the same, substantially ashereinbcfore described.

2. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination, with the movablecarbon-holder ct/ and an electro-magnetconnected with the circuit of thelamp, of a lever, c, arranged to be vibrated by the electro-magnet, andcarrying two resilient frictional pawls bearing against the saidholder,the pawls being so attached to the lever c that when this leveris vibrated the pawl f will advance the carbon, while the pawl f willalternately release and hold the same, substantially as and for thepurpose specified. Y

3. In an electric-arc lamp, the combina` tion, with the movablecarbon-holder a and an electro-magnet connected with the circuit of thelamp, of a lever, c, arranged to be vibrated by the electro-magnet, andcarrying In testimonywhereof Ihave signedmyname two resilient frictionalpawls, f and f bearto this speccation in the presence of two subingagainst the said holder, the pawl f branchscribing witnesses.

ing off from the lever at a certain distance HENRI PIEPER, FILS. 5 fromits fulorum, the pawl fradiating from Witnesses: the fulcrum,substantially as and for the pur- HENRY SPRINGMANN,

pose hereinbefore set forth. B. ROI.

